Network access

Network access comprises of 4 indicators telephony infrastructure, Internet availability, Internet affordability, network speed and quality.

The telephony infrastructure was measured using two sub-indicators – internal and external teledensity, that measured the availability of voice communication telephone extensions to employees of the university (faculty and staff) as well as access to external telephone lines (mobile or fixed) from the universities’ private branch exchange (PBX).The Internet availability indicator depended on availability of networked computers as well as the international bandwidth purchased while Internet affordability measures the total Internet bandwidth expenditure. Network speed and quality is measured using stability of campus network and the effect of internet speeds in academic work